Abstract

The ocean sound-speed profile near a vertical hydrophone array in shallow water may be determined from measurements of the acoustic field due to distant noise sources. Sound speeds are obtained from second spatial derivatives of the noise covariance matrix. The distance to, and the bandwidth of, the noise generator and the geometric dispersion of the duct must yield a covariance matrix that is an incoherent sum of the acoustic modal components. The array need not span the water column; however, sound speeds are determined only at hydrophone locations. This technique may be useful for monitoring sound-speed changes in situations in which it would not be feasible to deploy or monitor independent sound-speed sensors near the acoustic array. Computer simulations show that sound-speed estimates are insensitive to noise that is uncorrelated between hydrophones. [Work supported by the Office of Naval Technology, Code 234.]

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