Extracting and Physicochemical Properties of Carotenoprotein from Shrimp Processing Waste by Proteases-Mediated Hydrolysis

Abstract

In this study, carotenoprotein from Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) processing waste was extracted with the aid of alcalase (CP-A) and pepsin (CP-P) at various levels (0–4 units/100 g waste) for different times (0–240 min). Recovery of carotenoids and protein increased with 3 unit/g of enzyme and hydrolysis times until 180 min (p < 0.05). The extracted carotenoprotein by pepsin and alcalase consisted of 72.11–75.32% protein and carotenoids content was in the range of 330–530 µg/g samples. The phenylalanine, lysine, methionine, and valine as essential amino acids were higher at CP-A and CP-P. The dominant non-essential amino acids in carotenoproteins were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and alanine. It was rich in mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The CP-A showed higher content of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (8.52 and 6.49%) than CP-P (5.55 and 5.49%). The saturated fatty acids were reduced after enzymatic hydrolysis and contents were higher in carotenoproteins. The extracted samples showed a significant amount of mineral contents. Sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, and potassium contents were found higher in CP-A. The lead and copper were reduced as a result of hydrolysis. Therefore, carotenoprotein from processing residue of pacific white shrimp could be used as the value-added nutritious enriching food or feed powder.