Abstract
To remove sulfur-containing compounds (SCC) from the diesel fraction 200–360 °C extraction systems have been created based on coordinating organic solvents—dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide, metal chlorides (CoCl2, CuCl2, CdCl2, MnCl2 and CrCl3), and metal trifluoroacetates (Co(TFA)2, Cu(TFA)2 and Mn(TFA)2). Using PMR spectroscopy the coordination of metal chloride and metal trifluoroacetate on the oxygen atom in the carbonyl group of DMF was shown to redistribute electron density in the solvent molecule and to enhance properties of the acceptor center localized on the nitrogen atom. The removal of sulfur-containing compounds from the diesel fraction proceeded under mild conditions—at the temperature of 25 °C and atmospheric pressure. The degree of SCC removal from the diesel fraction in 30 minutes extraction was more than 90%. The interaction of organic solvents with metal salts and sulfur-containing compounds of the diesel fraction was considered within the framework of the concept of “hard and soft acids and bases” (HSAB). The most complete SCC extraction was carried out with DMF-Mn(TFA)2, MnCl2 and CrCl3 systems, that was probably connected with the implementation of the ‘hard base–hard acid’ system.
Highlights
Nowadays, the emphasis in the oil industry shifts to the extraction and processing of heavy, high-viscosity, high pour point sulfurous oil and oil residues
It was shown that extraction of sulfur-containing compounds from a diesel fuel with residual sulfur content 0.18% proceeds under mild conditions, at a temperature of 25 ◦ C and atmospheric pressure for 30 min
The residual sulfur-containing compounds (SCC) content after 2-step extraction is less than 90%
Summary
The emphasis in the oil industry shifts to the extraction and processing of heavy, high-viscosity, high pour point sulfurous oil and oil residues. Most of the world’s produced oil is sulfurous and high sulfur oil. Their total sulfur content varies between very wide limits from 0.5 to 10% by weight [1]. Sulfur contained in oils is mostly represented by its organic compounds. The efforts of researchers to extract sulfur-containing compounds (SCC) and establish their structure are focused on middle distillate fractions, representing the main raw material base for practical use. Organosulfur compounds of most middle distillate fractions of sulphur and high sulfur oils are mainly presented by sulfides and thiophene homologues mixed in various ratios [1]
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