Abstract
The cytotoxicity and mechanism of cell death induced by an extract of Ulmus davidiana Planch (UDP) were investigated. A 70 % ethanol extract of UDP exerted cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner caused a significant dose-dependent increase in the number of apoptotic cells. In addition, obvious shrinkage and destruction of the monolayer were observed in UDP-treated cells, but not in untreated cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of p53 and c-myc was markedly increased in cells treated with the plant extract. In contrast, caspase-3 expression was induced after 1 h of incubation and then decreased at 3 h; however, it subsequently increased and remained at a relatively high level thereafter. Our data suggest the presence of a bioactive compound capable of killing liver carcinoma cells by apoptosis in a 70 % ethanol extract of UDP, and that the mechanism of apoptosis in the HepG2 cells included p53 and c-myc signaling.
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