Abstract
The present study reports the results of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy treatment for renal and ureteral stones in Duhok city. The data were collected from the center of breakdown kidney stones in Duhok hospital. There were a total of 40 patients (25 males and 15 females) aged from 20 to 60 years old. The patients harboring (23 renal and 17 ureteral) stones of size ranged from 7.5 to 20 mm. Almost stones are of average size 9 mm and composed of uric acid, calcium and cystine stones. The study has been carried out by taking into consideration the parameters (type, sizes, composition and location of stone as well as region and ages of patients, also power, number of shock wave and sessions). The results show that the stones size increases according to increasing ages of patients (male and female) for uric acid ureter stone and calcium (renal, ureter) stones. Also (renal, ureter) stone size for patients aged from 20 to 30 years old increases from the minimum value for phosphate to maximum value for cystine stones, while for patients aged from 40 to 60 years old, the minimum size is obtained for calcium oxalate and the maximum size for calcium only. On the other hand, for uric acid stones of average size 9 mm, number of shock wave and sessions as well as the power required to breakdown the stones decrease nearly exponentially according to enhancing patients’ ages. At the same time, it's found that for adult patients (20 - 30 years old), number of sessions and the power of shock wave decrease also according to increasing size of calcium and cystine stones. Contrary to that, for the same ages and renal, uretral cysteine stones number of shock wave needed to breakdown large stones will be increased.
Highlights
The present study reports the results of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy treatment for renal and ureteral stones in Duhok city
Thirty years after its introduction, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is still the first-line treatment for more than half of all urinary tract stones, but machines and treatment strategies have significantly developed over time. [5] and [6] demonstrate the effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on renal blood flow in patients treated for renal/ureteral stones
The work was started from July 2013 to January 2015, and there was a total of 40 patients (25 males and 15 females) harboring renal or ureteral stones, all patient of ages ranged from 20 - 60 years old underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
Summary
The present study reports the results of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy treatment for renal and ureteral stones in Duhok city. It's found that for adult patients (20 - 30 years old), number of sessions and the power of shock wave decrease according to increasing size of calcium and cystine stones. [8] concluded that ESWL remained one of the most commonly utilized treatments for patients with upper urinary tract calculi; stone diameter, location, and number of shock waves were the most important predictors determining stone clearance after ESWL of renal and ureteric calculi. Research was conducted to study the effect of the parameters (Stones size, compositions, and locations as well as patient’s ages, adults and elders) on the outcome number of shock wave, sessions and power of ESWL by taking into consideration the physical behavior and relation among these parameters
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