Abstract
Acute respiratory failure and sudden cardiac arrest caused by acute intrathoracic infection is a fatal clinical condition with a low resuscitation success rate. The present study describes the case of a patient with acute empyema secondary to an acute lung abscess rupture, complicated by acute respiratory failure and sudden cardiac arrest caused by severe hypoxemia. The patient recovered well through the administration of multiple therapeutic measures, including medication and closed chest drainage, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with continuous renal replacement therapy, and minimally invasive surgical resection of the lung lesion with persistent alveolar fistula as the clinical manifestation. To the best of our knowledge, the treatment of such a severe condition combined with thoracoscopic surgery has rarely been reported before, and the present study may provide insight regarding therapeutic schedules for acute respiratory failure by intrathoracic infection, and excision of ruptured lung abscess.
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