Abstract

This review has the meaning of providing a state-of-the-art in the role of tumour-derived EVs in educating the host microenvironment during the metastatic process. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) now represent another piece in the complex puzzle that is tumorigenesis and metastasis. The indication that EVs are more than just a way for cells to dispose of waste and actually work as active and dynamic structures packaging molecular signals arose in the late ‘60s, when EV-like structures were involved in the function of coagulation. Since then, a huge amount of information has been collected, and we are now aware that EVs are crucially involved in paracrine and distant cell-cell communication under physiologic and pathologic conditions, such as cancer metastasis to bone. We will focus on the EV-mediated mechanisms regulating bone homeostasis, and we will describe the way these mechanisms are dysregulated by osteotropic cancer cell-derived EVs.

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