Abstract
Hair loss is a common medical problem. In this study, we investigated the proliferation, migration, and growth factor expression of human dermal papilla (DP) cells in the presence or absence of treatment with mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). In addition, we tested the efficacy of MSC-EV treatment on hair growth in an animal model. MSC-EV treatment increased DP cell proliferation and migration, and elevated the levels of Bcl-2, phosphorylated Akt and ERK. In addition; DP cells treated with MSC-EVs displayed increased expression and secretion of VEGF and IGF-1. Intradermal injection of MSC-EVs into C57BL/6 mice promoted the conversion from telogen to anagen and increased expression of wnt3a, wnt5a and versican was demonstrated. The first time our results suggest that MSC-EVs have a potential to activate DP cells, prolonged survival, induce growth factor activation in vitro, and promotes hair growth in vivo.
Highlights
Hair loss is a very common medical problem affecting both males and females, which can have negative psychological impacts on affected individuals
By nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), the diameter of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-Extracellular vesicles (EVs) ranged from 30–250 nm, with an average diameter of 103 ± 21 nm (Fig. 1C)
We observed significant increases in both Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in MSC-EV-treated dermal papilla (DP) cells compared to control cells (Fig. 3C)
Summary
Hair loss (alopecia) is a very common medical problem affecting both males and females, which can have negative psychological impacts on affected individuals. The hair follicles cycle through various stages in hair growth with active hair growth occurring during the anagen phase[4]. The hair growth cycle involves three different stages anagen, catagen and telogen. Exosomes form intracellularly through inward budding of the limiting membrane of endocytic compartments, forming vesicle-containing endosomes called multi-vesicular bodies (MVBs). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively investigated in the area of regenerative medicine, and the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs has attracted attention in various medical fields[11,12]. The effects of MSC-EVs on DP cell activation and hair regrowth is unknown. We are first to investigate the effects of EVs from the supernatant of cultured MSCs on DP cell activation and promotion of hair follicle conversion from telogen to anagen in mice
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