Abstract
Purpose: To examine the potential protective effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (ASC-EVs) on ARPE-19 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stress and to evaluate their ability to delay retinal degeneration in Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats. Methods: ARPE-19 cells were pre-treated with ASC-EVs for 24 h, followed by exposure to 200 μM H2O2 for an additional 24 h. RCS rats received an intravitreal injection of phosphate-buffered saline in one eye and ASC-EVs in the other eye. Results: ASC-EV pretreatment significantly protected against H2O2 in the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and was also effective in the lactate dehydrogenase-release assay. It notably reduced early apoptosis (Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay) and late apoptosis (Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling assay), while significantly decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species, glutathione levels, and superoxide dismutase activity. NFE2L2, HMOX1, and NQO1 mRNA levels, along with Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 protein levels, were significantly elevated with ASC-EV pretreatment. Compared with ARPE-19-derived EVs, 11 miRNAs were upregulated and 34 were downregulated in ASC-EVs. In RCS rats, intravitreal injections of ASC-EVs led to significant preservation of the outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor segments, along with increased nuclear Nrf2 expression and elevated HO-1 and NQO1 levels in the inner retina. Eyes that received intravitreal injections of ASC-EVs demonstrated significantly preserved electroretinography a- and b-wave amplitudes at 1 week post-injection, though this effect faded by 2 weeks. Conclusions: ASC-EVs mitigated apoptosis and oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells subjected to H2O2 exposure and temporarily slowed retinal degeneration in RCS rats via Nrf2 pathway activation by miRNAs.
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Schedule a callMore From: Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics
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