Abstract
BackgroundPectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum is a phytopathogenic enterobacterium responsible for soft rot, a disease characterized by extensive maceration of the affected plant tissue. This species also produces two or more antibacterial substances called bacteriocins, which enhance its competitiveness against related rival species. However, the secretion mechanism for low-molecular-weight bacteriocin is still unknown.ResultsA mutant (flhC::Tn5) that did not secrete the low-molecular-weight bacteriocin (LMWB), Carocin S1, was generated by Tn5 insertional mutagenesis. Sequence analysis indicated that this insertion disrupted open reading frame 2 (ORF2) and ORF3 of this strain. Deletion and rescue experiments indicated that ORF2 and ORF3 were both required for extracellular LMWB secretion. The ORF2 and ORF3 sequences showed high homology with the flhD and flhC gene sequences of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. atroseptica, Serratia marcescens, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Escherichia coli, indicating that they likely encoded key regulatory components of the type III flagella secretion system.ConclusionThus, the extracellular export of Carocin S1 by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum appears to utilize the type III secretion system integral to bacterial flagella.
Highlights
Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum is a phytopathogenic enterobacterium responsible for soft rot, a disease characterized by extensive maceration of the affected plant tissue
We describe the transcriptional regulation of fliC and flhA expression by flhD/C and show that flhD/C has an effect on extracellular secretion of the Carocin S1 protein, but not on Carocin S1 gene expression
Isolation of transposon insertion mutants Conjugation of strain H-rif-8-6 with E. coli 1830 led to the isolation of 3000 colonies that grew on the selective plates containing 50 μg/mL rifampicin and kanamycin
Summary
Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum is a phytopathogenic enterobacterium responsible for soft rot, a disease characterized by extensive maceration of the affected plant tissue. Carotovorum is a phytopathogenic enterobacterium responsible for soft rot, a disease characterized by extensive maceration of the affected plant tissue. This species produces two or more antibacterial substances called bacteriocins, which enhance its competitiveness against related rival species. Carotovorum is a phytopathogenic enterobacterium responsible for soft rot, a disease characterized by extensive plant tissue maceration caused by a variety of secreted enzymes. Carotovorum produces one or more antibacterial substances called bacteriocins, which enhance their competitiveness with other related rival species [2] The ability of this bacterial species to produce bacteriocin has been exploited in many biological control programs for the soft-rot disease of Chinese cabbage [3,4,5]. Identification and cloning of the gene(s) controlling bacteriocin production (page number not for citation purposes)
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