Abstract
One of the key steps in the production of phytases of microbial origin is selection of culture parameters, followed by isolation of the enzyme and evaluation of its catalytic activity. It was found that conditions for S. cerevisiae yeast culture, strain Finarome, giving the reduction in phytic acid concentration of more than 98% within 24 h of incubation were as follows: pH 5.5, 32 °C, continuous stirring at 80 rpm, the use of mannose as a carbon source and aspartic acid as a source of nitrogen. The highest catalytic activity of the isolated phytase was observed at 37 °C, pH 4.0 and using phytate as substrate at concentration of 5.0 mM. The presence of ethanol in the medium at a concentration of 12% v/v reduces the catalytic activity to above 60%. Properties of phytase derived from S. cerevisiae yeast culture, strain Finarome, indicate the possibility of its application in the form of a cell’s free crude protein isolate for the hydrolysis of phytic acid to improve the efficiency of alcoholic fermentation processes. Our results also suggest a possibility to use the strain under study to obtain a fusant derived with specialized distillery strains, capable of carrying out a highly efficient fermentation process combined with the utilization of phytates.
Highlights
Monogastric animals breeding, conducted on an industrial scale, generates severe environmental pollution with phosphorus compounds, which may cause eutrophication of surface water
As a part of the selection of the culture process, the effects of various sources of carbon and nitrogen as well as temperature and pH on growth rate of S. cerevisiae biomass, strain Finarome, and the degree of utilization of phytic acid were determined based on the concentration of phytate in the culture, compared to the initial concentration (Figures 1 and 2)
The obtained results confirm that the S. cerevisiae yeast culture aimed at efficient production of extracellular phytases requires the development of a biosynthesis process to select both the composition of the culture medium and the culture conditions
Summary
Monogastric animals breeding (pigs and poultry production), conducted on an industrial scale, generates severe environmental pollution with phosphorus compounds, which may cause eutrophication of surface water. Phytic acid, occurring mainly in the form of complexes with divalent cations (Mg2+ , Ca2+ , Zn2+ , Fe2+ ) and proteins, is not an assimilable form of phosphorus for organisms that are not capable of hydrolyzing these complexes, including monogastric animals, humans and selected strains of microorganisms [3]. Phytases are enzymes that allow hydrolysis of phytic acid complexes. These enzymes catalyze the release of orthophosphates and compounds bound in phytic complexes thereby increasing their bioavailability. Due to the higher catalytic activity, only microbial strains derived mainly from Aspergillus fungi [4] are used in industrial processes. The problem of phytic acid complexes is not confined to the feed industry, but it is present in the distillery industry
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