Abstract
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the present study was on <em>Penicillium pinophilum </em>strain F2 from soil samples of Jammu city having the potentiality to produce alkaline cold active endoglucanase and pigment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><em>Penicillium pinophilum </em>strain F2,<em> </em>a<em> </em>psychrotolerant micro-fungus was isolated from soil of Jammu city, India by taking Czapek’s Dox agar incubated at 15 °C. The strain was screened for production of cold active enzymes by taking various substrates at 15 °C. Final production was done for cold active endoglucanase by using sugarcane bagasse and ground nut shell as substrates. Besides, the strain was also able to produce red color pigment at a low temperature which was further studied to optimize its production by changing pH and growth medium. The produced pigment was used for dyeing of wool and silk, and absorption percentages were also calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Screening for the production of cold active enzymes revealed it as a good producer of cellulose followed by lipase and amylase. Endoglucanase production revealed the total enzyme titer (total enzyme activity) was found to be 5.032 folds higher in sugarcane bagasse (38.91 units) than groundnut shell (7.732 units). Endoglucanase activity was maximum 9.82±0.33 units/ml and 2.29±0.31 units/ml after 120 h of incubation at 15 °C by sugarcane bagasse and groundnut shells, respectively. Red color pigment production was maxima at pH 5 in Czapek’s Dox broth. Maximum absorption percentage was seen by the treatment soaked with mordant, i.e. 5% CuSO<sub>4 </sub>(51.52%) and without a mordant, it showed about 45.54%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to the above unique features and capability to produce cold active endoglucanase and pigment by strain F2, can be used significantly in various industries.</p>
Highlights
Metabolites, end product of metabolism, may be primary or secondary
Carboxymethyl cellulases (CMCase) or endoglucanases (EGs) (β-1,4-endoglucanase, EC 3.2.1.4) are inducible enzymes that are synthesized by microorganisms during their growth on cellulosic materials
All the morphological characteristics were in accordance with the findings [29]. This strain was identified as Penicillium pinophilum strain F2 having accession no
Summary
Metabolites, end product of metabolism, may be primary or secondary. Enzymes are the primary metabolites produced from microorganisms at log phase, and extremozymes are seen to have immense future applications in various fields of science. There is a necessary to investigate on cold active microorganisms capable of producing cold enzymes. Carboxymethyl cellulases (CMCase) or endoglucanases (EGs) (β-1,4-endoglucanase, EC 3.2.1.4) are inducible enzymes that are synthesized by microorganisms during their growth on cellulosic materials. Production of cellulase by Penicillium purpurogenum was investigated [3]. Penicillium spp. are known to be good producers of useful enzymes that degrade cellulose, proteins, xylan, starch, lipids, etc. Yoon and coworkers reported about a total of 106 Penicillium spp. for the enzymatic degradation ability on various substrates, where Penicillium purpurogenum showed strong activity for xylanase and β-Glucosidase but no activity of pectinase was found [12]
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