Abstract
Problem statement: Iron is present in ferritin, the storage form of iron in the tissues; in the respiratory cytochrome enzymes; in hemoglobin of the blood and in the myoglobin of muscle Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been shown to interact with heme groups in vivo and in vitro. This study investigated the effects of 5 day and 7day oral dihydroartemisinin treatments on the blood and tissues of the lungs, the heart, the liver, the intestines, the spleen and the kidney of Wistar albino rats. The dosage regimens of dihydroartemisinin employed in the study were: A single dosage regimen of 1 mg kg-1; a repeated dosage regimen of 1; 2; 60 and 80 mg kg-1. Approach: The results of the study showed that dihydroartemisinin interacted with the hemoglobin of the blood and the myoglobin of muscle to stimulate new haemopoesis in a concentration, repetition and time dependent manner in the tissues of the lungs, liver, spleen, intestine, heart and kidney of Wistar albino rats which was absent in the control rats. Results: Statistically significant increases were observed in the Packed Cell Volume (PCV) (P<0.01-03) and the total White blood cell count (P<0.01) of the DHA-treated rats but not in the control rats. It also stimulated hyperplasia of erythrocyte and leucocyte stem cells in the lungs, liver, intestine, spleen, heart and kidney of DHA-treated Wistar albino rats not seen in the controls. Conclusion: These haemopoetic effects of DHA were greater and of longer duration in 5 day DHA-treatment rats than in those of the 7 day DHA-treatment rats.
Highlights
IntroductionThe activity of artemisinin and synthetic endoperoxides is related to their interaction with heme And the potentiating of artemisinin in vitro and in vivo by natural and synthetic heme models has been reported
The activity of artemisinin and synthetic endoperoxides is related to their interaction with heme And the potentiating of artemisinin in vitro and in vivo by natural and synthetic heme models has been reported.Many studies have shown that artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin were active against many cell lines in vitro.Corresponding Author: Utoh-Nedosa Uchechukwu Anastasia, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaAm
Gross anatomical examination of the dihydroartemisinin-treated and control rats showed that there was blood congestion in the lungs, liver, heart, spleen and kidney of DHA-treated rats but not in the control rats (Fig. 1) which is an evidence of new haemopoesis in the DHA-treated rats
Summary
The activity of artemisinin and synthetic endoperoxides is related to their interaction with heme And the potentiating of artemisinin in vitro and in vivo by natural and synthetic heme models has been reported. Many studies have shown that artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin were active against many cell lines in vitro. Artemisinin-tagged transferring was found to be highly selective and potent in killing cancer cells Cancer cells including drug-resistant cancer cells are more susceptible to artemisinin drugs under conditions of high iron availability Haem was demonstrated to cause a 0.6 V shift in the reduction potential of artemisinin Artemisinin forms adducts with haem which retain the haem structure and lose the artemisinin structure In vitro data suggest that artemisinin-haem adducts don’t have much antimalarial activity. Our study investigated the effect of dihydroartemisinin on the blood and six organs of Wistar albino rats
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