Abstract
The Linear particle accelerator (LINAC) is a tool for radiation therapy that can emit photons and electrons. Radiation of X-ray photons and LINAC electrons is obtained from the interaction of electrons fired into the target plate (tungsten). This radiation can not only affect the target organ but can also affect unwanted organs around the exposure area. Radiation irradiation effects on the organs in the exposure area can be known through simulation of LINAC and phantom radiation processes. Simulation and calculation using Monte Carlo method. This program is operated by MCNPX software. Phantom geometry uses the phantom ORNL MIRD, whereas linac geometry consists of linac blankets, tungsten plates and collimators. Radiation from linac is directed to the left lung as a target and from the simulation results of traces of radical particles shows that radiation emission from linac there are some scattering, but scattering this does not have a significant impact because the amount is not too large. Radiation effect on the organs is indicated by the effective dose quantities in which the left lung has a greater effective dose than the surrounding organs. While the right lung gets a large enough effect from other organs around the target organ. This is because the organ is located close to the target organ and has a smaller type of meeting of the other organs. Not so with the ribs, although it is the first organ exposed to radiation. Radiation that concerns the ribs has no significant effect. This is because of the enormous type of meeting. The effects of radiation on organs are not only influenced by the size of the meeting of organ types but also influenced by the weight factor.
Highlights
External radiation is a source of radiation that is outside the human body
This paper describes an external radiation simulation from Linear particle accelerator (LINAC) to determine the effective dose of the organ
The effective dose is obtained from the result of the factor of the weight of the organ with the absorbent dosage and in the calculation of the effective dose; this study considers the radiation weight factor as in equation 2 below (Wiryosimin, 1995)
Summary
External radiation is a source of radiation that is outside the human body. Radiation sources can be a source of natural radiation and artificial radiation sources, such as radiation radiation from Linac (Akhadi, 1997). Linac is a radiation device that serves to emit photons and high-energy. Linac technology is often used in a variety of treatments in order not to damage healthy tissue around the cancer. Radiation of X-ray photons obtained by linac comes from the interaction of electrons with X-ray producing target plate. The electrons are accelerated through the waveguide accelerator which is directed towards the target. The resulting X-rays will be used for the treatment of cancer tissue (Kunovic, 2015). Radiation from X-rays can affect unwanted organs around the exposure area. Radiation effects can be detected by simulating the process of interaction of X-ray radiation with the organs surrounding the exposure area
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