Abstract
Background and Objectives:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is considered as a rare disorder in children. According to cognitive theories, criticism triggers responsibility behavior and thus causes obsessive behaviors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of beliefs associated with responsibility in the relationship between external criticism of parents and obsessive beliefs in adolescents.Materials and Methods:In this study, 547 high school students aged from 15 to18 years were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling from four regions of the education office in Shiraz. Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-child version (OBQ-CV), Pathway to Inflated Responsibility beliefs Scale (PIRBS), and perceived criticism questionnaire were used to collect data. Pearson’s correlation was used to investigate the relationship between the study variables. For analysis of mediation model, multiple mediators analysis using Macro Software was used.Results:External criticism only indirectly and through beliefs associated with inflated responsibility accounts for 6% of the variance of responsibility, 14% of the variance of threat estimation and 10% of the variance of perfectionism of obsessive beliefs (P<0.05). However, external criticism, both directly and indirectly and through beliefs associated with inflated responsibility accounts for 7% of the variance of the importance of obsessive beliefs.Conclusion:This study showed that the beliefs associated with inflated responsibility can mediate the relationship between external criticism and obsessive beliefs. According to the cognitive model of Salkovskis, criticism by parents, as a violation to and an influence on children, by affecting the subscales of inflated responsibility, can increase the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In order to identify potential affecting mechanisms of criticism on obsessive-compulsive disorder, further experimental research is required.
Highlights
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent obsessions and stable thoughts, imaginations and impulses which are accompanied by compulsions intending to reduce or prevent the resulting discomfort (Association, 1994)
External criticism only indirectly and through beliefs associated with inflated responsibility accounts for 6% of the variance of responsibility, 14% of the variance of threat estimation and 10% of the variance of perfectionism of obsessive beliefs (P
External criticism, both directly and indirectly and through beliefs associated with inflated responsibility accounts for 7% of the variance of the importance of obsessive beliefs
Summary
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent obsessions and stable thoughts, imaginations and impulses which are accompanied by compulsions intending to reduce or prevent the resulting discomfort (Association, 1994). In individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessions are diagnosed with turbulent experiences; compulsions of the disorder include washing, cleaning, inspecting, searching for security, repetitive actions, and covert obsessions such as mental formalities generally to prevent the frightening results or events or to drop disturbance caused by obsessions (WHO, 1999). The disorder is more common among children and adolescents compared to previous research on the disorder and often tends to be chronic (Heyman, Fombonne, Simmons, & Ford, 2001) .In various studies the prevalence of this disorder is estimated from 1 to 4 percent in children (Douglass & Moffitt, 1995; Rapoport, Inoff-Germain, Weissman, & Greenwald, 2000). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of beliefs associated with responsibility in the relationship between external criticism of parents and obsessive beliefs in adolescents
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