Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate whether dietary amino acids (AAs) composition is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to investigate how serum AAs profiles mediated this association. Two prospective cohorts of 1750 and 4024 adults were enrolled. Dietary AAs compositions index (AACI) was developed to reflect the overall quality of dietary AAs composition. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression models were used to examine associations of AACI and T2DM. The AACI was associated with the incidence of T2DM with the relative risk and 95%CI from the bottom to the top tertiles being 1.00, 1.49 (0.88-2.51) and 2.27 (1.20-4.28), and 1.00, 1.58 (1.13-2.19) and 2.33 (1.56-3.47) in the two cohorts, respectively. The AACI was positively associated with serum valine, isoleucine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine, and it was negatively associated with serum glycine and histidine in both cohorts (P<0.01). Valine, glutamic acid and histidine consistently and partially mediated the association between the AACI and T2DM in the two cohorts, with total mediation effects of 33.4% and 54.6%, respectively. Dietary AAs composition was associated with the incidence of T2DM, meanwhile, the relationship was mediated by some degree of serum AAs. Future dietary strategies should focus on the improvement of the overall quality of dietary AAs compositions.
Highlights
This study aimed to elucidate whether dietary amino acids (AAs) composition is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to investigate whether and how serum AAs profiles mediated this association
Intake of a single kind of AA may not be commonly reflected in its serum AA level, making it remain controversial whether relationship between dietary AAs and T2DM was mediated by serum AAs [3, 12,13,14]
Numerous studies have reported associations between high plasma branched chain AAs (BCAAs) and increased risk of T2DM [15,16,17,18,19], it is still largely unknown whether dietary BCAAs intake should be constrained in prevention and management of T2DM because previous studies indicated that plasma BCAAs levels are not direct reflection of dietary BCAA intakes [3, 12,13,14], and contradictory results have been reported in previous studies regarding dietary BCAAs intake and risk of T2DM[3, 4, 14, 20, 21]
Summary
This study aimed to elucidate whether dietary amino acids (AAs) composition is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to investigate whether and how serum AAs profiles mediated this association. Intake of a single kind of AA may not be commonly reflected in its serum AA level, making it remain controversial whether relationship between dietary AAs and T2DM was mediated by serum AAs [3, 12,13,14]. These key questions probably hindered for shaping useful dietary guidelines of AAs in prevention and management of T2DM. Numerous studies have reported associations between high plasma branched chain AAs (BCAAs) and increased risk of T2DM [15,16,17,18,19], it is still largely unknown whether dietary BCAAs intake should be constrained in prevention and management of T2DM because previous studies indicated that plasma BCAAs levels are not direct reflection of dietary BCAA intakes [3, 12,13,14], and contradictory results have been reported in previous studies regarding dietary BCAAs intake and risk of T2DM[3, 4, 14, 20, 21]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
