Abstract
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) are widely used to simulate complex systems. However, they cannot handle nonlinear relationships or time delays/lags, nor can they fully represent uncertain information, which prompted the development of extended FCMs. The latest review covered extensions up to 2010. We search for extensions from 2011 to March 2023 and assess their motivations, features, operationalizations, use cases, reproducibility, and evaluation to support modelers in reusing existing solutions. We reviewed 26 extensions and found a paucity of extensions addressing multiple limitations, and none of the extensions provided code, hindering modelers in reusing existing extensions while suggesting future work.
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