Extending the lifetime of direct methanol fuel cell systems to more than 20,000 h by applying ion exchange resins

Abstract

Over the last few years, we have developed a 1.3 kW direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) system with a proven lifetime of 20,000 h. An extension of the system's lifetime would dramatically increase the commercial competitiveness of this technology. In order to reduce degradation effects in the stack, we identify the insertion of ion exchange filters into the anodic circuit as an important approach for absorbing impurities directly in the fluid cycle. This paper outlines the development of a characterization technique and material screening process for ion exchange materials, which are characterized in terms of their stability, activity and capacity, as well as their selectivity under the operating conditions of a DMFC system. The amount of ion-exchanging material is calculated by means of a project post-mortem analysis of a DMFC stack operated for 20,000 h. This study fills a gap in the literature and offers a basis for the designing of ion exchangers. The results presented are an important step for the ongoing development process and commercial deployment of DMFC systems. Given the similarity of requirements, the results are also applicable to the PEM electrolysis field.