Abstract
The oscillator phase noise is one of the key limitations in several fields of electronics. An electronic oscillator phase noise is usually described by the Leeson's equation. Since the latter is frequently misinterpreted and misused, a complete derivation of the Leeson's equation in modern form is given first. Second, effects of flicker noise and active-device bias are accounted for. Next the complete spectrum of an electronic oscillator is derived extending the result of the Leeson's equation into a Lorentzian spectral line. Finally the spectrum of more complex oscillators including delay lines is calculated, like opto-electronic oscillators.
Highlights
Towards the end of the 19th century, the Hertz experiments connected two areas of physics, namely electricity and optics
While radio communications started with filtered noise from spark gaps, the latter were quickly replaced by much more efficient vacuum-tube electronic oscillators, invented independently by Armstrong and Meissner around 1912
Electronic oscillators were so successful that their spectrum was considered an infinitely narrow spectral line at relatively low radio frequencies f
Summary
Towards the end of the 19th century, the Hertz experiments connected two areas of physics, namely electricity and optics. Electronic oscillators were so successful that their spectrum was considered an infinitely narrow spectral line at relatively low radio frequencies f
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