Extending Architecture to Real-Time Domains

Abstract

In this chapter, we apply the MBSAP methodology to the special system category where on-time execution is the primary criterion of success or failure. We defined the Real-Time (RT) category in the architecture taxonomy in Chap. 1, and in the following chapters, we have seen how layered architectures are adapted to the unique demands of real-time performance. We now focus on the practical aspects of architecting RT systems. To begin, we expand on the introduction to RT systems from Chap. 1, followed by discussion of fundamental aspects of system timing and RT execution. We use the RT behaviors of the E-X example to illustrate these concepts. We also address the complex issue of developing good requirements for RT systems. The current standard for RT architecture modeling is the Modeling and Analysis of Real-Time and Embedded (MARTE) Profile of UML, which is summarized here and presented in more detail in Appendix D. The key to correct RT system design is assured schedulability, which we discuss and illustrate using the E-X radar. We complete the discussion with multiple practical aspects of implementing RT systems, including selecting of RT components and dealing with safety and security concerns. Chapter Objective: the reader will be able to apply the MBSAP methodology to RT systems, accounting for their unique requirements and constraints.