Abstract
Extended scalar sectors appear in various extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, such as supersymmetric models. They are also generic extensions of the Standard Model and can address a number of its shortcomings. Direct searches for additional Higgs bosons and measurements of the 125-GeV Higgs boson, both of which provide insights into the different possible sectors, are carried out at the LHC. This review gives an overview of searches for the additional Higgs bosons and their implications for different models. The discussed analyses comprise searches for neutral and charged Higgs bosons that decay in various final states. In addition, the review summarizes the constraints from precision measurements, including in particular the observed couplings of the 125-GeV Higgs boson. While several models naturally incorporate a Higgs boson with couplings that are similar to the ones in the Standard Model, the measurements of the 125-GeV Higgs boson provide constraints on all considered extensions.
Highlights
A yet more complex additional scalar sector is realized in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM), which addresses the so-called μ problem of the MSSM and further reduces the hierarchy problem [16]
It adds a complex singlet to the two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) of the MSSM and leads to two additional neutral scalars that are phenomenologically different from the ones in the MSSM [17, 18]
Various other extensions have been subject to experimental investigations as well, including an additional singlet, which can be considered as the simplest possible extension of the SM Higgs sector and can give rise to candidates for dark matter; 2HDMs with additional singlets; and additional triplets
Summary
The SM Higgs potential is given by VSM = m2(φ†φ ) + λ(φ†φ ), www.annualreviews.org Extended Scalar Sectors 199 where φ is a complex doublet field and m2 < 0 [3,4,5]. The potential can be reparameterized to give the vacuum expectation value v2 = −m2/λ, with v ≈ 246 GeV and the Higgs boson mass m2h = −2m2 [14]. Besides giving rise to a new scalar particle, the Higgs mechanism introduces masses for the weak gauge bosons and makes it possible to introduce mass terms for the fermions with the help of the so-called Yukawa couplings. The model needs to agree with the measured values of the so-called oblique parameters S, T, and U [14, 22]
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