Abstract
The intranuclear cascade model was investigated to explain (p, dx ) and (p, ax ) reactions at incident energies of around 50 MeV. Since these reactions are governed mainly by the direct pickup process, the model was expanded to include exclusive pickup processes leading to hole-state-excitations. The energy of the outgoing clusters is determined with single-particle energies of transferred nucleons, the reaction Q -value, and the recoil of the residual nucleus. The rescattering of the produced cluster inside the nucleus is treated within the intranuclear cascade model. The emission angle is given by the sum of momentum vectors of transferred nucleons in addition to the deflection at the nuclear surface, which was introduced to explain angular distributions of elastic scattering. Double differential cross sections of reactions were calculated and compared with experimental data. The proposed model showed a high predictive power over the wide range of emission energies and angles. The treatment ofthe cluster transport inside the nucleus was also verified.
Highlights
The intranuclear cascade (INC) model is a powerful tool for predicting the double-differential cross sections (DDXs) of nuclear reactions
The INC model has been successfully extended toward proton productions [1], and cluster productions [2,3] induced by protons of energies above 200 MeV or higher
All the data used presently were obtained from the EXFOR data base [11]. 3.1 (p, d) reactions The solid and the dashed lines in Fig. 3 show the INC contributions of pickup from the surface and the inner orbits, respectively for the 42-MeV 27Al(p, dx) reaction at laboratory angles of 30 ̊ and 60 ̊
Summary
The intranuclear cascade (INC) model is a powerful tool for predicting the double-differential cross sections (DDXs) of nuclear reactions. We have successfully made extension of the INC model to the lower beam energies, around 50 MeV [4,5] by including collective excitations, trajectory deflections and barrier transmission coefficients. This improvement was carried out for only (p, p’x) reactions. The angular distribution of each lj transfer is calculated reasonably by the Distorted Wave Born Approximation (DWBA) Such discrete levels are observed up to about 10 MeV of excitations of residual nucleus. We assumed a two-stage model for nuclear reactions: the cascade and the evaporation processes. After the cascade process finishes, information of the residue nucleus is forwarded from INC to GEM
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