Extended focus depth for Gaussian beam using binary phase diffractive optical elements.

Abstract

A novel technique to improve the focus depth of a Gaussian beam is presented in this paper. The improvement is based on two-step beam shaping using a cascade of binary phase diffractive optical elements (BPDOEs). The first BPDOE transforms the incident Gaussian beam into a high-order radial Laguerre-Gaussian beam (LGp0). Then the second BPDOE rectifies the obtained LGp0 beam and gives rise to a quasi-Gaussian one in the focal plane of a converging lens. This resulting quasi-Gaussian beam exhibits a lower divergence and larger focus depth compared to the pure Gaussian beam having the same beam waist. These results open new possibilities in laser beam manufacturing and micromachining, and in applications that need an extended focus depth.