Abstract
Glucosinolates are the biochemical compounds that provide defense to plants against pathogens and herbivores. In this study, the relative expression level of 48 glucosinolate biosynthesis genes was explored in four morphologically-different cabbage inbred lines by qPCR analysis. The content of aliphatic and indolic glucosinolate molecules present in those cabbage lines was also estimated by HPLC analysis. The possible association between glucosinolate accumulation and related gene expression level was explored by principal component analysis (PCA). The genotype-dependent variation in the relative expression level of different aliphatic and indolic glucosinolate biosynthesis genes is the novel result of this study. A total of eight different types of glucosinolates, including five aliphatic and three indolic glucosinolates, was detected in four cabbage lines. Three inbred lines BN3383, BN4059 and BN4072 had no glucoraphanin, sinigrin and gluconapin detected, but the inbred line BN3273 had these three aliphatic glucosinolate compounds. PCA revealed that a higher expression level of ST5b genes and lower expression of GSL-OH was associated with the accumulation of these three aliphatic glucosinolate compounds. PCA further revealed that comparatively higher accumulation of neoglucobrassicin in the inbred line, BN4072, was associated with a high level of expression of MYB34 (Bol017062) and CYP81F1 genes. The Dof1 and IQD1 genes probably trans-activated the genes related to biosynthesis of glucoerucin and methoxyglucobrassicin for their comparatively higher accumulation in the BN4059 and BN4072 lines compared to the other two lines, BN3273 and BN3383. A comparatively higher progoitrin level in BN3273 was probably associated with the higher expression level of the GSL-OH gene. The cabbage inbred line BN3383 accounted for the significantly higher relative expression level for the 12 genes out of 48, but this line had comparatively lower total glucosinolates detected compared to the other three cabbage lines. The reason for the genotypic variation in gene expression and glucosinolate accumulation is a subject of further investigation.
Highlights
Cabbage, one the most important vegetable crops throughout the world, is a member of the vegetable species Brassica oleracea that contains a wide variety of glucosinolates [1,2,3,4,5]
This study investigated the relative expression level of a total of 48 genes related to glucosinolate biosynthesis in B. oleracea var. capitata in four inbred lines, BN3273, BN3383, BN4059 and BN4072 (Figure 2) with contrasting morphological variations (Figure 2)
principal component analysis (PCA) analysis between the expression level of aliphatic glucosinolate contents and the relative expression level of aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis-related genes indicated that the existence of glucoraphanin, sinigrin and gluconapin might be associated with the comparatively higher level of expression of ST5b genes and the lower expression level of GSL-OH genes in BN3273 (Table 3, Figure 4)
Summary
One the most important vegetable crops throughout the world, is a member of the vegetable species Brassica oleracea that contains a wide variety of glucosinolates [1,2,3,4,5]. Cabbage is an important ingredient in many important Korean and Chinese dishes This subspecies was found to produce glucoerucin, which was absent in the edible organs of kale, kohlrabi and cauliflower [5]. The number of glucosinolates present in cabbage was found to be variable in different studies [1,2,4,5] This is probably because the content and type of glucosinolates in cabbage subspecies varies between growing season [2,6], anthocyanin content and leaf age [6] and between tissue types: roots, shoots [4,7,8], etc. The content and varieties of glucosinolates widely varies in the edible organ between different cultivars of this subspecies [1,2,9] probably because of the variation in tissue types. Despite a large number of studies reporting that glucosinolate content and types had intra-subspecific variation in cabbage varieties, the associated gene involved in such variation has not been well elucidated
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