Expression profiling of dipeptidyl peptidase 8 and 9 in breast and ovarian carcinoma cell lines

Abstract

Proteases, particularly serine proteases like dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DP4) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP), play an important role in cancer invasion and angiogenesis. Aberrant expression of DP4 and FAP is associated with numerous cancers, including breast and epithelial ovarian carcinoma. We investigated the mRNA levels, protein expression and enzyme activity of the structural homologs DP8 and DP9, in addition to DP4 and FAP, in three breast carcinoma (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, MCF-7), three epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) (OVCA-432, OVCA-429, SKOV3), 293T and HeLa cell lines. In addition, DP2 and prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) mRNA and enzyme levels were measured and compared in each cell line. Ubiquitous but differential expression of DP8 and DP9 mRNA and protein was observed across all cell lines. Relative to EOC, DP8 protein was lower in the breast carcinoma cell lines (p=0.057), suggesting that DP8 may play differing roles in different cancer cell types. A strong, negative, non-reciprocal relationship was identified between DP9 protein and DP4 mRNA (r=-0.903, p=0.002) and protein (r=-0.810, p=0.015). This suggests that DP4 expression plays an important role in the post-transcriptional regulation of DP9 in breast and ovarian cancer cell lines. Overall, this study suggests a potential role for DP8 and DP9 in breast and ovarian cancer and further investigations in this area are required.