Expression pattern of TRIM genes in bovine macrophages stimulated with PAMPs

Abstract

Abstract In mammals innate immune mechanisms form the first line of defence against invading pathogens. Detection of viruses early in infection relies on intracellular receptors that sense microbial molecular patterns, subsequently leading to gene transcription that eventually produces IFN type I and II. Type I and II IFNs act to prevent replication of viruses. Tripartite Motif-containing (TRIM) proteins belong to a superfamily of RING-domain E3 ubiquitin ligases. They represent a novel class of antiviral molecules involved in innate immunity. These enzymes function in a wide variety of important cellular processes, particularly in innate antiviral response mechanisms. We studied the expression profile of 46 TRIM genes in a bovine macrophage cell line BoMac using RT2 PCR. PAMPs were used to imitate 2 important groups of pathogens. PolyI:C was used in place of viral dsRNA, LPS was used in place of Gram-negative bacteria, Pam3CSK4 was used in place of Gram-positive and negative bacteria, PolyI:C-LyoVec was used in place of viral sRNA and CpG was used in place of bacterial and viral DNA. Of the 46 TRIM genes, only 8 bovine TRIM genes were upregulated following stimulation of BoMac with individual PAMPs. PolyI:C induce upregulation of TRIM21, TRIM25 and TRIM56. All three TRIMs are known for their antiviral activity in human cell lines and mice. Pam3CSK4 and LPS, both upregulated TRIM10. PolyI:C-LyoVec upregulated TRIM9, TRIM40 and TRIM55. TRIM40 is an anti-inflammatory molecule. CpG upregulated TRIM40 and TRIM29. High expression of TRIM29 is regarded as a poor prognostic in many tumors, but no antimicrobial role has been described yet for TRIM29. Data will be discussed in the context of antiviral role of TRIMs in bovine viral infections.