Abstract
Inverted papilloma (IP) is a locally destructive, benign neoplasm of the nose and paranasal sinuses with a high tendency for recurrence, a significant potential for malignancy, and an etiology that today is still uncertain. The expression of hormonal receptors in neoplastic tissues has been the focus of intensive research for its potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance. The aim of this study was to assess the potential estroprogestinic receptor expression in patients undergoing sinus surgery for IP. A retrospective study was carried out, on surgical specimens of 73 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for first manifestation of sinonasal IP (primitive IP group) and in 21 subjects who had developed a recurrence (relapsed IP group). The results of the immunohistochemical analysis of the first group showed the absence of receptor expression for PGR in all cases analyzed and the presence of a low positivity for ER in 11 cases (P > 0.082). Similarly, in the second group the results showed a low presence of ER receptors in 3 of the 21 cases (P > 0.068), while there was no evidence of PGR receptors in the examined samples. In addition, in 11 of the cases only 3 were considered positive (27.2%) showing a recurrence during follow-up (P > 0.068).Our results suggest that the sinonasal IP is a benign tumor independent of estrogen and progesterone, and the receptors for these hormones are therefore unsuitable as predictors of relapse or possible prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets.
Highlights
Our results suggest that the sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a benign tumor independent of estrogen and progesterone, and the receptors for these hormones are unsuitable as predictors of relapse or possible prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets
The inverted papilloma (IP) of the nose and paranasal sinuses is a benign tumor that, today is the focus of research concerning the most recent acquisitions in terms of etiopathogenesis, pre- and post-operative clinical work-up, prognostic factors and different surgical strategies aimed at achieving a more radical exeresis and a lower relapse frequency
Several studies have provided greater clarity on a topic still relegated to the probable association with the human papilloma virus (HPV), which has never been identified in cell cultures, www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget if not through molecular hybridization techniques, in which the HPV DNA was detected in 73% of the IPs [1], the RNA of HPV types 6 and 11 was found in 89% of sinonasal papillomas concomitant with similar forms in the genital tract [2], and DNA sequences HPV 6b and 11 were isolated by Weber in 76% of cases [3]
Summary
Especially in the last decade, there has been the identification in many cancers of the head-neck, renal, and breast district of receptors for sex hormones This is thanks to technological innovation in the biological field of a more sophisticated immunohistochemical methodology with greater sensitivity. This expression could be the basis of a hormone-dependence, which could play a central role in prognosis and therapy [4,5]. Different pharmacological strategies are available to obtain volumetric tumour shrinkage and/or arrest of progression in various benign or malignant tumors including a reduction in time to progression and disease recurrence [6]
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