Abstract
Phytoene synthase (PSY) is a key limiting enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway for regulating phytoene synthesis. In this study, ZjPSY was isolated and identified from Zoysia japonica, an important lawn grass species. ZjPSY cDNA was 1230 bp in length, corresponding to 409 amino acids. ZjPSY showed higher expression in young leaves and was downregulated after GA3, ABA, SA, and MeJA treatments, exhibiting a sensitivity to plant hormones. Regulatory elements of light and plant hormone were found in the upstream of ZjPSY CDS. Expression of ZjPSY in Arabidopsis thaliana protein led to carotenoid accumulation and altered expression of genes involved in the carotenoid pathway. Under no-treatment condition, salt treatment, and drought treatment, transgenic plants exhibited yellowing, dwarfing phenotypes. The carotenoid content of transgenic plants was significantly higher than that of wild-type under salt stress and no-treatment condition. Yeast two-hybrid screening identified a novel interacting partner ZjJ2 (DNAJ homologue 2), which encodes heat-shock protein 40 (HSP40). Taken together, this study suggested that ZjPSY may affect plant height and play an important role in carotenoid synthesis. These results broadened the understanding of carotenoid synthesis pathways and laid a foundation for the exploration and utilization of the PSY gene.
Highlights
Animal Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China; Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
The ZjPSY cDNA sequences were deposited in the NCBI database with accession numbers
The full-length ZjPSY cDNA contains a 1230 bp ORF encoding a protein of 409 amino acids which belongs to the Isoprenoid_Biosyn_C1 superfamily
Summary
Animal Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China; Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100083, China. ZjPSY showed higher expression in young leaves and was downregulated after GA3 , ABA, SA, and MeJA treatments, exhibiting a sensitivity to plant hormones. ZjPSY in Arabidopsis thaliana protein led to carotenoid accumulation and altered expression of genes involved in the carotenoid pathway. The carotenoid content of transgenic plants was significantly higher than that of wild-type under salt stress and no-treatment condition. This study suggested that ZjPSY may affect plant height and play an important role in carotenoid synthesis. These results broadened the understanding of carotenoid synthesis pathways and laid a foundation for the exploration and utilization of the PSY gene. Carotenoids are important isoprenoid compounds, which play classical roles in photosynthetic biological processes, including photomorphogenesis and photoprotection
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