Expression of the peptide transporters PepT1, PepT2, and PHT1 in the embryonic and posthatch chick

Abstract

Peptide transporters 1 and 2 (PepT1 and PepT2) and peptide/histidine transporter 1 (PHT1) are all members of the proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter family, which are important for the transport of amino acids in peptide form. The PepT1 acts as a low-affinity/high-capacity transporter and PepT2 as a high-affinity/low-capacity transporter for di- and tri-peptides. The PHT1 transports di- and tri-peptides as well as histidine. The objective of this study was to profile PepT1, PepT2, and PHT1 mRNA expression in the proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ceca, large intestine, brain, heart, bursa of Fabricius, lung, kidney, and liver in layer chicks on embryonic d 18 and 20 and d 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 posthatch. Absolute quantification real-time PCR was used to measure gene expression. Expression of PepT1 was greatest in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Expression of PepT1 increased in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum from late embryonic stages to posthatch and in the large intestine from late embryonic stages to d 10 posthatch. In the ceca, PepT1 expression increased from embryonic d 20 to d 1 posthatch and then decreased. Expression of PepT2 was greatest in the brain and kidney. Expression of PepT2 increased from d 10 to 14 in the bursa of Fabricius and decreased in the proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum, and liver from late embryonic stages to posthatch. In the small intestine and liver, PepT2 may function to transport di- and tri-peptides during embryogenesis. The PHT1 was expressed in all tissues analyzed. Expression of PHT1 increased in the jejunum, large intestine, brain, and liver posthatch and decreased in the proventriculus from embryonic stages to posthatch. A tissue × age interaction was observed for all genes. The uptake of peptides in the developing chick is regulated by peptide transporters that are expressed in a tissue- and development-specific manner.