Expression of the anti-Mullerian hormone, kisspeptin 1, and kisspeptin 1 receptor in polycystic ovary syndrome and controlled ovarian stimulation rat models.

Ali Risvanli,Burak Karabulut,Pınar Ipek,Halis Ocal,Ibrahim Seker,Necati Timurkaan

doi:10.17305/bjbms.2019.4281

Ali Risvanli, Burak Karabulut + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2019.4281

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Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome represents a significant cause of female infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), kisspeptin 1 (KISS-1), and kisspeptin 1 receptor (KISS1r) in rat models of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). For this purpose, 28 rats were assigned into four groups. Estrus and Diestrus groups consisted of rats in estrus and diestrus phases, respectively, while COS and PCOS groups consisted of rats with induced COS and PCOS, respectively. The serum AMH, KISS-1, and estradiol levels, and ovarian KISS1r levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, histopathological analysis of the ovary tissue was done and ovarian KISS-1 expression was determined by immunohistochemical assay. The results revealed that ovarian KISS1r levels were higher in the Estrus (1271.43±51.98 pg/mL) and COS (1191.43±85.67 pg/mL) groups, compared to Diestrus and PCOS groups. The highest level of AMH was found in the Estrus group (16.91±2.12 ng/mL). The results indicate that AMH had no effect on the development of COS and PCOS, while KISS-1 was found to affect the development of COS in rats.

Highlights

Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is routinely used in the assessment of ovarian reserves and function, in the diagnosis of cryptorchidism and anorchidism, and in the evaluation of male gonadal functions at any age
The KISS1 receptor (KISS1r) levels in the left ovaries were higher in the Estrus group (1271.43±51.98 pg/mL) and controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) group (1191.43±85.67 pg/ mL) compared to Diestrus and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) groups (p
The results revealed no significant difference between the groups with regard to plasma kisspeptin 1 (KISS-1) and estradiol concentrations (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is routinely used in the assessment of ovarian reserves and function, in the diagnosis of cryptorchidism and anorchidism, and in the evaluation of male gonadal functions at any age. AMH may be useful for the diagnosis of secondary amenorrhea, as well as the discrimination of hypo- and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. It is the only indicator of ovarian reserve unaffected by the feedback mechanism of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and can be tested in the follicular and luteal phase [1,2,3]. Kisspeptin (KISS) has been shown to be synthesized in the testis, ovary, pancreas, intestines, central nervous system, and placenta [4].

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