Abstract
The pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) is unknown, although an abnormal immune reaction appears to be involved. RAU may result from oral epithelium damage caused by T cell-mediated immune response. To improve understanding of the role of T cells in RAU, the present study analyzed. the expression of T cell-related genes in oral ulcers from patients with RAU, as well as in healthy non-keratinized oral mucosa from aphthae-free volunteers. Biopsies from RAU patients and healthy individuals were analyzed using Human Th1-Th2-Th3 RT(2) Profiler PCR Array and qRT-PCR that allowed to quantify the transcript levels of 86 genes related to T cell activation. We found that cells present in aphthous ulcers express a characteristic Th1-like gene profile. The majority of genes up-regulated in aphthous lesions such as IFN-γ, TNF, IL-15, IRF1, STAT-1 and STAT-4 were Th1-associated. Th2-realated genes were not overexpressed in RAU tissues, with the exception for CCR3. Th3- and Th17-related gene expression patterns were not demonstrated in RAU. These findings clearly reveal that aphthous ulcer formation is predominantly dependent on the activation of the Th1-type immune response.
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