Expression of prostaglandin [formula omitted] synthase (cyclooxygenase) during murine fetal thymic development

Abstract

Fetal thymic lobes in organ culture have been shown to have the capacity to metabolize [ 14C]arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandins (PGs), including 6-ketoPGF 1α, PGF 2α, PGE 2, and PGA 2. Inhibition of AA metabolism results in inhibition of growth and Thy 1 expression during thymic organ culture. We report herein that freshly-isolated fetal thymic lobes also have the capacity to metabolize [ 14C]AA to PGs and HETEs at Days 14 and 16 of prenatal murine development. RNA encoding phospholipase A 2, which liberates arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids, and Cyclooxygenase (prostaglandin G H synthase), the first enzyme involved in the conversion of AA to PGs, are expressed during thymic development. We have localized the cyclooxygenase protein to stromal cells in the fetal and adult thymus. Exogenous AA or an analogue of PGI 2 (iloprost) stimulated growth of fetal thymocytes in organ culture. These findings, together with our studies of the morphology of thymic lobes cultured with inhibitors of arachidonate metabolism, support the hypothesis that PGs are required for thymocyte proliferation during thymic development.