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Abstract
Background: Tooth development is a complex and well-coordinated developmental process that is achieved through a series of reciprocal interactions between dental epithelium and neural crest-derived ectomesenchyme. The dental epithelium gives rise to the outer and inner enamel epithelium from which ameloblasts differentiate, whereas ectomesenchymal cells differentiate into odontoblasts. Nfic has a specific function as a key regulator of dentin formation. Nfic signaling modulates late odontoblast differentiation and mineralization. Both dental papilla cells and dental follicle cells have extensive proliferation ability, expressed similar cell surface antigens and were capable of forming hard tissue. But dental papilla cells had diverse calcium expression than that in dental follicle cells. Most of the literatures have focused the influence of Nfic and OPN in tooth germs. There is no clear evidence to elicit their influence in odontogenic tumours. Aims and objective: The present study was intended to evaluate expression and elicit the influence of Nfic and calcium binding protein (OPN) in odontogenesis and odontogenic tumors. Materials and methods: The study comprised of 20 tooth germs from human foetuses of terminated pregnancies with age ranging between 10 to 36 weeks and 30 paraffin embedded blocks of histopathologically diagnosed odontogenic tumours. Five micrometer thick sections were taken and stained immunohistochemically with Nfic and OPN and evaluated for their expression in tooth germs and in odontogenic tumors. Results: In tooth germs, Nfic showed strong expression in odontoblasts and OPN showed strong expression in enamel matrix. Nfic showed positive expression in odontogenic tumours and OPN showed strong expression in calcification foci in AOT. Conclusion: The present study was an attempt to assess the influence of Nfic during crown formation. Expression of Nfic in tooth germs confirmed its influence in crown formation. Expression of OPN suggested that it promotes mineralization in tooth germs, bone formation and calcification focus in odontogenic tumours
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