Expression of microRNA-590 in patients with chronic coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, and their combination

Abstract

Background. The role of microRNAs in the processes of remodeling, proliferation, and fibrogenesis of myocardial cells is not clear enough.
 Aim. Analysis of the microRNA-590 expression level in patients with chronic coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, as well as their combination to assess the potential prognostic significance of the expression level.
 Material and methods. The study included 94 patients divided into three clinical groups: the first with non-valvular atrial fibrillation without coronary heart disease (39 people); the second with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease (22 patients); the third with ischemic heart disease without atrial fibrillation (23 patients). The comparison group consisted of 10 people without atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease. Venous blood was taken from all subjects, from the plasma of which microRNA was isolated. The relative level of microRNA expression was estimated based on real-time polymerase chain reaction data obtained during the reaction on a cycler using commercial TaqMan probes and primers. The statistical significance of differences between groups was determined using one-way analysis of variance, followed by post-hoc analysis using Tukey's contrasts, differences were considered statistically significant at p 0.05. The ShapiroWilk test was used to assess the normality of the distribution of residuals.
 Results. A statistically significant decrease in the expression level of microRNA-590 was registered in the third (p=0.0104) and in the second (p=0.0046) groups compared with the control group, as well as in patients with atrial fibrillation and left atrial dilatation (p=0.0313), with recurrent arrhythmias after radiofrequency ablation (p=0.0083) and with permanent atrial fibrillation (p=0.0242).
 Conclusion. Ischemic heart disease, including when combined with atrial fibrillation, and aggravating factors, such as left atrial dilatation, permanent atrial fibrillation, recurrence of arrhythmia after radiofrequency ablation, lead to a decrease in the expression level of microRNA-590.