Abstract
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Loss of KISS1 expression has been associated with progression and poor prognosis of various cancers, however, the precise role of KISS1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not well defined. KISS1 receptor (KISS1R, also named GPR54) coupled to KISS1, has been shown to play a pivotal role in suppressing cancer metastasis. In this study, 56 NSCLC specimens were divided into stage IIIB (locally advanced) and stage IV (metastatic). The mRNA and protein levels of KISS1 and KISS1R in cancer tissues were found to be lower compared to that in normal tissues using RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. In addition, the expression of both KISS1 and KISS1R in stage IV NSCLC was lower compared to that in stage IIIB stage NSCLC. The cumulative survival rate of the patients with KISS1 or KISS1R expression was significantly higher compared to that without expression. KISS1 or KISS1R expression in NSCLC can be used to indicate favorable prognosis for disease outcome. Metastin, the product of the KISS1 gene, was lower in the serum of patients with stage IV NSCLC compared to that in stage IIIB NSCLC.
Highlights
Lung cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer as well as the leading cause of cancer death in males in 2008 globally [1]
Interesting, KISS1 expression was higher in the low stage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (IIIB) compared to advanced stage (IV) (P
There was a significant difference in KISS1 expression between the low stage of NSCLC (IIIB) compared to advanced stage (IV)
Summary
Lung cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer as well as the leading cause of cancer death in males in 2008 globally [1]. Male lung cancer death rates are decreasing in most Western countries, including many European countries, North America and Australia [2]. Associations between loss of KISS1 expression and increased tumor progression and poor prognosis were found in various solid tumors, such as pancreatic, breast, bladder, brain, epithelial ovarian and gastric cancer [9,10,11,12,13,14]. KISS1 receptor (KISS1R, named GPR54) coupled to kisspeptins, has been revealed to play a pivotal role for the onset of puberty and to suppress cancer metastasis [15,16,17]. A recent study has shown that the expression of KISS1 and GPR54 correlates with breast tumor progression and poor patient prognosis [10]. Zhang et al [22] and Hata et al [13] surveyed RNA expression of the KISS1 and GPR54 in ovarian cancer and observed a trend towards favorable prognosis where KISS1/GPR54 RNA expression is elevated
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