Abstract
In an effort to define the varied expression of three vasoactive markers in the clinical models of normal placenta/ normal invasion (n = 11), preeclampsia/restricted trophoblast invasion (n = 15), and placenta accreta/exaggerated invasion (n = 6), we performed semiquantitative immunohistochemistry for kallikrein, bradykinin B2 receptor, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In the floating villi, the syncytiotrophoblast expressed more kallikrein in placenta accreta (p < 0.05), than in normal and preeclamptic placentas, while the bradykinin B2 receptor and eNOS were similarly expressed in all groups; in the fetal endothelium, the bradykinin B2 receptor was enhanced in placenta accreta (p < 0.005), but kallikrein and eNOS were similarly expressed in the other two groups. In the extravillous trophoblast, both kallikrein and eNOS expression were higher in placenta accreta (p < 0.001), while the bradykinin B2 receptor signal was only enhanced in preeclampsia (p < 0.05). The presence and localization of kallikrein, the bradykinin B2 receptor, and eNOS in the fetomaternal interface in the three study conditions supports a local role for interrelated vasodilatory/antiaggregating systems. This first report of the variations observed in kallikrein and eNOS in a condition of exaggerated trophoblast invasion supports the participation of vasodilatation in trophoblast migration.
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