Abstract
The deficiency or excess of zinc (Zn) cause negative effect on plant metabolism and development. Therefore, plants have established a tightly controlled system, including protein transporters to balance the uptake and utilization of metal ions. In this study, the relative expression of HvIRT1 gene, encoding the transmembrane protein IRT1 was analyzed in shoots and roots of barley (Hordeum vulgare ‘Nur’) under zinc deficiency at optimal (22 °C) or low (4 °C) temperatures. The Zn deficiency (0 μmol) caused an increase in HvIRT1 gene expression under both optimal temperature condition and cold. Although, the difference in mRNA content of HvIRT1 gene in roots of barley under optimal and low temperature was not observe. However, the HvIRT1 expression in leaves was higher at optimal temperature compare with cold condition. Moreover, long-term (7 days) of low temperature influence along with zinc deficiency leads to a significant decrease in the amount of HvIRT1transcripts in leaves, that corresponds to a decrease of photosynthesis rate and biomass accumulation. Overall, these findings suggest that HvIRT1 gene play an important role in plant’s response to zinc deficiency under optimal temperatures condition as well as at cold.
Highlights
Zn deficiency has been recognized as an important factor affecting crop production
Most of the evidence from these studies was performed on plants under optimal temperature conditions, in nature plants are often exposed to low temperatures during the growing season, that caused in decrease in supply of nutrients to root cells, that result in their deficiency in plants (Hacisalihoglu et al, 2001)
Under optimal growth conditions the transcript level of HvIRT1 gene gradually increase in roots and leaves of barley during 7 days (Fig.).While, at the initial level, the HvIRT1 gene expression was 3-fold higher in roots seedlings grown with Zn deficiency (Zn 0 μmol + 22 °C)
Summary
Zn deficiency has been recognized as an important factor affecting crop production. Cell transmembrane proteins from ZIP family (zinc-iron-regulated transporter) play an important role in providing plants of the necessary amount of zinc (Pedas et al, 2008; Lee and An, 2009; Yamunarani et al, 2013). Most of the evidence from these studies was performed on plants under optimal temperature conditions, in nature plants are often exposed to low temperatures during the growing season, that caused in decrease in supply of nutrients to root cells, that result in their deficiency in plants (Hacisalihoglu et al, 2001) Perhaps this effect may be associated with a decrease in the activity of transport proteins (Guerinot, 2000; Hacisalihoglu et al, 2001). Some reports demonstrated that the IRT1 protein activity regulated at the both translation and transcription level (Shin et al, 2013; Brumbarova et al, 2015) According these findings, we studied the expression of the IRT1 gene in the roots and leaves of barley under zinc deficiency at optimal and low temperatures
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