Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in placenta of women with gestational diabetes.

Abstract

Gestational diabetes is one of the most prevalent medical complications of pregnancy and causes increased fetal wastage. Investigation of placentas from diabetic mothers indicate chronic disturbances in intervillous, circulation, dilatation of capillaries, and a relatively immature villous structure. Abnormal levels of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to maternal disorders such as the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. In the normal placenta NO is generated only by endothelial NOS, which apparently serves to regulate vascular tone in the fetoplacental circulation. In contrast, studies have reported the absence of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in human placentas under normal conditions. The aim of our study was to investigate whether iNOS is expressed in placentas from patients with gestational diabetes. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis demonstrated iNOS mRNA and protein expression in placental tissue only from patients with gestational diabetes. Immunohistochemistry localized iNOS staining to endothelial cells and trophoblasts. We conclude that iNOS can be expressed in human placenta. Its expression might play an important role in placental pathophysiology.