Abstract
Objective: To study the gene and protein expressions of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) in the placental tissues from healthy women in late pregnancy and pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE), and to explore the relationship between HLA-G and PE. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expressions of HLA-G protein and mRNA in the maternal placenta of 60 pregnant women with PE (including 30 cases of mild PE and 30 cases of severe PE) and 30 healthy full-term pregnant women (control group) respectively. Results: HLA-G had its expression mainly on the surface of trophoblast cells, and its response range and reactivity of its immunologic tissue were further reduced and weakened as the patient's condition was aggravated. The protein expression of placental HLA-G in each PE group was significantly lower than control group, with the difference statistically significant (all P<0.05). Compared with mild PE group, the protein expression level of HLA-G was lower in severe PE group (P<0.05). The Spearman's correlation analysis for HLA-G and PE severity showed that the correlation coefficient was -0.892 (rs = -0.892) (P<0.05), indicating that the expression of HLA-G protein was significantly negatively correlated to the severity of PE. The mRNA expression level of placental HLA-G of each PE group was significantly lower than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). But the mRNA expression level of HLA-G was significantly lower in severe PE group than in mild PE group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The decreased expression of HLA-G in placenta may be involved in the pathogenesis of PE, and can also reflect the severity of this disease.
Highlights
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific multi-system disease that threatens the health of both mothers and babies with unknown causes
The results of semi-quantitative analysis showed that compared with control group, the positive staining of placental human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) immunoreaction in PE groups became shallow, and the average absorbance values were reduced, the protein expression level of placental HLA-G in each PE group was decreased, with the difference statistically significant
Compared with mild PE group, the positive staining of placental HLA-G immunoreaction in severe PE group was more shallow, so the protein expression level of placental HLA-G was lower in severe PE group than in mild PE group, with the difference statistically significant (P
Summary
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific multi-system disease that threatens the health of both mothers and babies with unknown causes It is a relatively severe type in the classification of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), one of the common gestational diseases as well as one of the main causes for maternal mortality. Too shallow invasion of trophoblast cells to endometrium and the remodeling disorders of uterine spiral arteries are its main pathological features [1, 2]. It may be involved in maternal, placental and fetal factors, including abnormal trophoblast invasion, immune dysfunction, endothelial cells injury, genetic and nutritional factors [3, 4].
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