Abstract
Expression of HLA-G and its receptors in relation to transplant acceptance
Highlights
Following its initial description in 1990 [1], the non-classical class I HLA molecule HLA-G has been well-characterised on extravillous cytotrophoblast as a molecule intimately involved in protection of the foetus from attack by the maternal immune system [2]
Particular UTR polymorphisms have been associated with high, intermediate or low levels of HLA-G expression [6,7]. This has been confirmed in a study of plasma levels of sHLA-G in healthy individuals of different HLA-G 3’UTR haplotypes [8], whereas other authors have not found there to be complete correlation between observed sHLA-G levels and predicted levels of expression according to UTR genotype [9,10]
It may have a role in protection of allografts against rejection and there is a correlation between HLA-G levels and organ graft acceptance [14]
Summary
Following its initial description in 1990 [1], the non-classical class I HLA molecule HLA-G has been well-characterised on extravillous cytotrophoblast as a molecule intimately involved in protection of the foetus from attack by the maternal immune system [2]. The third ligand for HLA-G, KIR2DL4, is expressed by most natural killer (NK) cells and has features of both activating and inhibitory receptors [12]. It may have a role in protection of allografts against rejection and there is a correlation between HLA-G levels and organ graft acceptance [14].
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