Expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) in liver and kidney organ of silver rasbora (rasbora argyrotaenia) exposed by sublethal organophosphate pesticides

Abstract

Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) is a stress protein that can appear in all cell types. HSP70 test is useful as a biomarker (biological response marker) that can be used as a stress marker in fish. Liver and kidney tissue, including types of organs that play an important role in metabolic processes in fish, make it possible for these tissues to respond to the presence of HSP70. This research aims to determine the effect of sublethal exposure to organophosphate pesticides on the expression of HSP70 in the liver and kidneys organ of Silver Rasbora, and to determine the comparison of HSP70 expression between the liver and kidneys organ of Silver Rasbora that exposed to sublethal organophosphate pesticides. This research was conducted in November 2020 - February 2021 using a completely randomized design (RAK) method consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. Each treatment consisted of a concentration of 0.001 ppm, 0.005 ppm, 0.01 ppm, 0.05 ppm and control treatment of 0 ppm. Silver Rasbora were acclimatized and maintained for 7 days and subjected to pesticide exposure treatment for the last 96 hours. The main parameters in this research were the expression of HSP70 in the liver and kidneys of Silver Rasbora and the supporting parameters observed were survival rate, temperature, pH, ammonia, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The main parameters were analyzed using the one-factor ANOVA test and Duncan's advanced test. Meanwhile, to determine the average difference between liver and fish kidneys, the independent sample T test was used. Supporting parameters were analyzed descriptively using tables and graphs. The results showed that exposure to sublethal organophosphate pesticides affected the appearance of HSP70 expression in the liver and kidneys of Silver Rasbora. The HSP70 value in both organs increased with increasing pesticide concentration. The liver organ has an average HSP70 value higher than that of the kidneys organ.