Abstract
The flooded environment brings about injuries to soybeans that vary depending on the adaptation ability of the genotype. Oxygen deprivation promotes the induction of the expression of genes related to glycolysis and fermentation pathways to maintain energy metabolism and, in addition to reducing-power consuming processes, act in the formation of adaptive structures and the maintenance of the redox status of the plant. The aim of this work was to evaluate the relative expression of genes related to soil flooding response in two contrasting soybean cultivars. Soybean plants of the sensitive (BRS 154) and tolerant (I27) cultivars at the V1 development stage were submitted to the flooding and control conditions (without flooding) for 0, 24, 48, and 96 hours. The relative expression of genes associated with flooding, including enolase (ENO), alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1), alanine aminotransferase 2 (ALAT2), hemoglobin 1 (GLB1), LOB41 domain-containing protein (LBD41), xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XETP) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX2), was evaluated by means of RT-qPCR. The relative expression, in general, increased with flooding, especially in the root tissue. Cultivar I27 responded positively as observed by the expression of the maintenance genes of energy metabolism, structural changes and detoxification, suggesting the presence of three tolerance mechanisms in the flooding response.
Highlights
The soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is the chief legume plant grown worldwide, standing out as a raw material in human and animal feeding, in addition to being used in industry and in obtaining biofuels
The lowland environment brings about injuries to soybeans through frequent floodings, and these injuries vary depending on the development stage of the crop
Half of the plants were subjected to stress, which consisted in the maintenance of a water depth of 2 cm above the soil level, and the others were maintained with the soil in the field capacity
Summary
The soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is the chief legume plant grown worldwide, standing out as a raw material in human and animal feeding, in addition to being used in industry and in obtaining biofuels. The lowland environment brings about injuries to soybeans through frequent floodings, and these injuries vary depending on the development stage of the crop. The fast water absorption can cause physical rupture and seed deterioration (Sayama et al, 2009), and after primary root emission, the damages vary depending on the intensity and prolongation of stress (Komatsu et al, 2009). The occurrence of that stress results in serious reductions, which become more intense as the flooding period increases (Rhine, Stevens, Shannon, Wrather, & Sleper, 2010). It was possible to compare the flooding effects in the different periods and the ability to affect the increase and/or reduction of the target gene transcription in each of the cultivars
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