Expression of cytokines in chicken peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBCs) exposed to probiotic strains and Salmonella Enteritidis

Eva Husáková,Róbert Herich,Dominika Stašová,Martina Kolesárová,Viera Spišáková,Mária Levkutová,Mikuláš Levkut

doi:10.2754/avb201585010029

Abstract

The mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, LITAF, iNOS, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP1-ß), and K60 were examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs). The PMBCs were isolated from the chicken blood and in vitro exposed to the probiotic strains E. faecium AL41, E. faecium H31, L. fermentum AD1, and infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE147). The PMBCs were evaluated for mRNA expression levels at 24 h and 48 h post infection (p.i.) using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The level of expression of IL-1ß and MIP1-ß was upregulated (P < 0.001) in the EFAL41+SE (S. Enteritidis + E. faecium AL41) group 48 h p.i. compared to 24 h p.i. Similarly, expression of LITAF was upregulated (P < 0.001) in the EFAL41 + SE group compared to the control (C - no infected) and S. Enteritidis (SE) group 48 h p.i. In PMBCs treated with E. faecium H31 and S. Enteritidis expression of IL-1ß (P < 0.01) and chemokines K60 and MIP1-ß was upregulated (P < 0.001) in the EFH31 + SE group 24 h p.i. The iNOS showed upregulated expression (P < 0.001) in the EFAL41 + SE group compared to the control 24 h p.i. and to the C and SE groups 48 h p.i. The results showed that E. faecium AL41 demonstrated the highest immunostimulatory effect on expression of selected cytokines by chicken PMBCs after Salmonella infection. It is supposed that the differences in cytokine induction within SE groups are related to lymphocytes isolated from different animals.

Highlights

Over the course of evolution, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been abundant colonisers of the small intestinal mucosa, coexisting in relationships with the host
The effect of E. faecium AL41 revealed upregulation (P < 0.001) on expression of IL-1ß in the EFAL41 + S. Enteritidis (SE) group compared to the control 48 h p.i
The 24 h exposure of PMBCs to E. faecium AL41 did not have a stimulatory effect on relative expression of LITAF, but upregulation (P < 0.001) was found in the EFAL41 + SE group compared to the C and SE groups 48 h p.i. (Fig. 2)

Summary

Introduction

Over the course of evolution, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been abundant colonisers of the small intestinal mucosa, coexisting in relationships with the host Some members of these groups exert additional probiotic properties that provide health benefits to the host via the regulation of the immune system and other physiological functions (MacDonald and Monteleone 2005; Konstantinov et al 2008). The use of probiotics is considered to be a potentially important strategy for modulating infectious and inflammatory responses in the gastrointestinal tract of the host. The effect of these probiotics is diverse and includes the modulation of the gut immune system through the interaction with gut epithelial cells and immune cells (Pamer et al 2007). Enteritidis into chicken cells in vitro; and to evaluate whether the strain characteristics of commensal bacteria can be immunologically effective for the prevention and treatment of Salmonella infection in chickens

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Results

Conclusion