Expression of CD38 in Mast Cells: Cytological and Histotopographic Features.

Dmitri Atiakshin,Vera Samoilova,Markus Tiemann,Igor Buchwalow

doi:10.3390/cells10102511

Abstract

The biological significance of the CD38 molecule goes beyond metabolic, enzymatic, and proliferative functions. CD38 possesses the functions of an exoenzyme and receptor, and is actively involved in the mechanisms of adhesion, migration, intercellular signaling, formation of immune synapses, and modulation of the activity of a wide range of immune and non-immune cells. The aim of this study was the immunohistochemical assessment of the cytological and histotopographic characteristics of CD38 expression in mast cells. CD38 expression was found in a minority of the mast cell population. It is characterized by wide variability from low to high levels. The intensity of CD38 expression in mast cells has organ-specific features and depends on the development of pathological processes in a specific tissue microenvironment. The mechanisms of intercellular interaction between mast cells and CD38+ cells foster new understanding of the protumorigenic or antitumor potential of tryptase.

Highlights

The CD38 molecule was first identified on the surface of T-lymphocytes, and is involved in the mechanisms of cellular activation and proliferation [1,2,3]
The effectiveness of detecting CD38 in mast cells (MCs) is dependent on the use of antibodies
Our study shows the principal possibility of detecting CD38 in MCs in histological preparations

Summary

Introduction

The CD38 molecule was first identified on the surface of T-lymphocytes, and is involved in the mechanisms of cellular activation and proliferation [1,2,3]. In addition to functioning as an exoenzyme with a variety of substrates and by-products involved in calcium signaling and metabolic regulation, CD38 is a surface receptor. It is actively involved in the mechanisms of adhesion, migration, and intercellular signaling, including the formation of immune synapses. The role of CD38 goes beyond metabolic, enzymatic, and proliferative functions [4,5,9,10], and it may even be actively involved in morphogenesis and immunogenesis In this regard, the study of CD38 expression on other cells has become highly relevant. The expression of CD38 has been studied on non-immune cells, including erythrocytes, platelets, osteoclast and osteoblast precursors, prostate epithelium, kidneys, pancreatic islets of Langerhans, neurons, neuroglia, smooth myocytes, and striated muscles [5]

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