Abstract
Background: The prognostic significance of the extent and pattern of bone marrow infiltration by Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) has been supplanted by newer biologic prognostic markers such as immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgVH) mutation status, CD38 and ZAP70 expression, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) cytogenetics, and serum markers. Expression of CD38 and ZAP-70 correlates with IgVH mutation status, and also provides prognostic value as independent markers. Materials and Methods: Seventy-four cases of CLL/SLL were reviewed and the relationship between expression of CD38, ZAP-70, and bone marrow infiltration was examined. CD38 and ZAP-70 were analyzed by a single laboratory using standardized multiparametric flow cytometry with a threshold of 20% and 30% positive cells for each. Hematoxylin and eosin stained bone marrow biopsy and aspirate clot sections were classified as showing diffuse or non-diffuse (nodular/interstitial) pattern of infiltration; the extent of infiltration was assessed by the proportion of lymphocytes on histologic sections and aspirate smears.
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