Abstract
Objective: Angiogenin (ANG) is upregulated in a variety of cancers including those of prostate, cervix, pancreas, liver, oral cavity, skin, and etc., however, the role of ANG in gastric cancer has not been fully elucidated yet. We use tissue microarray (TMA) to examine ANG expression to investigate the role of ANG in the progression of gastric cancer. Method: Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate ANG expression in TMA with 208 spots from 104 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer and the corresponding adjacent tissue. Results: In normal adjacent tissue, ANG was expressed mainly in cytoplasm at basal gland of the gastric mucus where gastric stem cells are reserved, and also sparsely expressed in the nucleus of gastric mucosal gland cells at isthmus where gastric stem cells are gathered. In cancer tissues, ANG was very sparsely expressed in the nucleus of gastric glandular cells. ANG expression in the cytoplasm was found to be significantly associated with pathological types (p<0.001) and malignancy (p<0.001). ANG expression in the nucleus was inversely correlated with malignancy (p=0.019), differentiation status (p< 0.001), and tumor stage (p= 0.048).Conclusion: ANG might play an important role in gastric cancer development.
Highlights
Angiogenin (ANG) was originally isolated as the most potent angiogenic protein based on chicken embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) angiogenesis assay [1]
Our results show that ANG expression in the cytoplasm and nucleus is inversely correlated with gastric malignancy and that ANG expression in the nucleus is inversely correlated with tumor progression of gastric cancer
Neither cytoplasm nor nucleus ANG expression is correlated with tumor metastasis
Summary
Angiogenin (ANG) was originally isolated as the most potent angiogenic protein based on chicken embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) angiogenesis assay [1]. ANG has a dual role in cancer progression: it stimulates cancer cell proliferation as well as mediates tumor angiogenesis. ANG may have a dual role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by regulating both endothelial cells and motor neurons [2]. ANG has been shown to play a role in stem cell regulation by promoting hematopoietic regeneration through. Dichotomous regulation of stem cell quiescence and progenitor cell proliferation [3]. ANG was reported to be upregulated in a variety of cancers including prostate, cervical, pancreatic, liver, oral and skin cancer. We report that ANG expression is downregulated in gastric cancers. We examined ANG expression in a tissue microarray containing 104 gastric cancer tissues and with the same number of corresponding normal adjacent tissues, and found that ANG expression was inversely correlated with gastric cancer
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