Expression of ABA Metabolism-Related Genes Suggests Similarities and Differences Between Seed Dormancy and Bud Dormancy of Peach (Prunus persica).

Dongling Wang,Zhenzhen Gao,Peiyong Du,Dongsheng Gao,Wei Xiao,Ling Li,Qiuping Tan,Xiude Chen

doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.01248

Abstract

Dormancy inhibits seed and bud growth of perennial plants until the environmental conditions are optimal for survival. Previous studies indicated that certain co-regulation pathways exist in seed and bud dormancy. In our study, we found that seed and bud dormancy are similar to some extent but show different reactions to chemical treatments that induce breaking of dormancy. Whether the abscisic acid (ABA) regulatory networks are similar in dormant peach seeds and buds is not well known; however, ABA is generally believed to play a critical role in seed and bud dormancy. In peach, some genes putatively involved in ABA synthesis and catabolism were identified and their expression patterns were studied to learn more about ABA homeostasis and the possible crosstalk between bud dormancy and seed dormancy mechanisms. The analysis demonstrated that two 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase-encoding genes seem to be key in regulating ABA biosynthesis to induce seed and bud dormancy. Three CYP707As play an overlapping role in controlling ABA inactivation, resulting in dormancy-release. In addition, Transcript analysis of ABA metabolism-related genes was much similar demonstrated that ABA pathways was similar in the regulation of vegetative and flower bud dormancy, whereas, expression patterns of ABA metabolism-related genes were different in seed dormancy showed that ABA pathway maybe different in regulating seed dormancy in peach.

Highlights

Compared with traditional cultivation, protected cultivation of fruit trees is more economical and efficient, and it is an important way to promote farmers’ income and rural economic development
abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis and catabolism genes had not been well annotated in the peach genome; we extracted annotated Arabidopsis genes from public database and searched for orthologs and paralogs from the peach database
HvSDR1, HvSDR2, and HvSDR4 were detected with high expression in embryos at various stages of seed maturation (Seiler et al, 2011); SDR1 was not detected in the Medicago truncatula seed coat (Verdier et al, 2013), whereas we found that PpSDR1 was expressed at low levels in the embryo and was highly expressed in the peach seed coat, which demonstrated that SDR1 shows species specific expression patterns

Summary

Introduction

Compared with traditional cultivation, protected cultivation of fruit trees is more economical and efficient, and it is an important way to promote farmers’ income and rural economic development. Protected cultivation of fruit trees has increased in China in recent years. The peach (Prunus persica) originated in China and has been cultivated for about 3000 years (Zheng et al, 2014). Peaches are important fruit trees in China, being cultivated in about 20,000 hectares. Peach seedlings and fruit can be produced under protected cultivation all year. The production of peach fruit is influenced by blooming time; only after dormancy is broken, peach trees can proceed

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