Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has often been associated with abnormal mitochondrial open frames (ORF), orfH79 is a mitochondrial chimeric gene responsible for the CMS trait in Honglian (HL) rice. In this study, the weakly produced ORFH79 protein significantly inhibited the growth of E. coli in an oxygen culture, however, the growth of the transformants producing ORFH79 was indistinguishable from the control under anaerobic incubation conditions. In addition, a lower respiration rate, wrinkled bacterial surfaces, and decreased pyruvate kinase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activities were observed in the ORFH79 produced E. coli. These results indicate that ORFH79 impairs the oxygen respiration of E. coli, which may inhibit E. coli growth.
Highlights
Cytoplasm male sterility (CMS) is a widespread phenomenon in the plant kingdom
A band of approximately 9KD was detected in the total protein samples from pET-28aorfH79 transformed E. coli, and no signal was detected in E. coli transformed with the empty plasmid
ORFH79 is primarily distributed in the crude membrane protein fractions (Fig. 1b). These results indicate that the ORFH79 protein is mainly attached to the E. coli membrane
Summary
Cytoplasm male sterility (CMS) is a widespread phenomenon in the plant kingdom. It is maternally inherited and characterized by a failure to produce functional pollen (Gray 1999; Young et al 1987). The failure of pollen development in CMS background is associated with chimeric mitochondrial open reading frames (ORFs) arising from unusual recombination events (Hanson and Bentolila 2004). Many CMS-associated genes such as T-maize urf, sunflower orf522, Brassica Ogura radish orf138 and BT-rice orf have been shown to encode peptides that are lethal to E. coli (Dewey et al 1988; Duroc et al 2005; Nakai et al 1995; Wang et al 2006). The mechanism by which this occurs remains relatively unknown.
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