Expression Features of DNA Methylcytosine Dioxygenase Ten-eleven Translocation 1 in Human Dental Pulp Cells

Abstract

IntroductionHuman dental pulp cells (hDPCs) can specifically generate reparative dentin under external stimuli, and numerous mechanisms are involved in their odontogenic differentiation process. Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is a recently discovered DNA dioxygenase that plays important roles in promoting DNA demethylation and transcriptional regulation. Although several studies regarding its effect on cell differentiation and proliferation have been conducted, the expression and function of TET1 have not yet been characterized in hDPCs. The purpose of this study was to explore the expression features of TET1 in hDPCs. MethodsCellular TET1 localization in hDPCs was determined by immunofluorescence. The expression pattern of TET1 and its potential changes during odontogenic induction were confirmed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. ResultsTET1 existed in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the hDPCs. During serial cell passaging, TET1 expression significantly increased until the 6th passage and then decreased from the 7th–9th passages (P < .05, n = 3). TET1 gene and protein expression increased during the odontogenic differentiation of the hDPCs in a time-dependent manner (P < .05, n = 3). ConclusionsTET1 messenger RNA and protein were both present in the hDPCs. TET1 expression increased during early spontaneous differentiation and odontogenic induction.