Abstract
Passenger crowding in a city bus is uneven and the most crowded area always appears in the wheelbase of the carriage. The present study aimed to provide a sensitive indicator of the most crowded area to schedule bus headways online using a binocular camera sensor. The algorithm of standee density in the wheelbase area (SDWA) was given by a nonlinear regression model considering standees’ preferences for the standing area, and its goodness of fit and continuity were tested. Considering the characteristics of city bus operation, the proportion of the number of interstops determined from the SDWA was used as a judgment index for passenger crowding. Based on the SDWA algorithm and the judgment index, an online headway model of city buses was proposed, and the feasibility of such a model was verified through a case study in Xi’an city. The proposed model might be beneficial to bus scheduling, seating provision, and bus design.
Highlights
Standee density refers to the number of standing passengers in a unit effective area
It is an important indicator that reflects whether the bus selected matches the line and whether the headway is rational. e limit load of a city bus in Europe and the United States is 5–6 pax/m2 [1, 2], while the number of standees approved in China is 8 pax/m2 [3]
According to the passengers’ preference for selecting a standing position, this study proposed some important areas to synthesize a standee density algorithm that could sensitively express the most crowded areas in buses to schedule the headway of the bus in real time [4]
Summary
Standee density refers to the number of standing passengers in a unit effective area. According to the passengers’ preference for selecting a standing position, this study proposed some important areas to synthesize a standee density algorithm that could sensitively express the most crowded areas in buses to schedule the headway of the bus in real time [4]. Public transport enterprises in China are totally state-owned enterprises Regardless, if they are in debt, local governments pay it by the end of the year, as long as they guarantee the necessary services. Similar studies considered the operational cost and passenger waiting time as a balance index for determining the offline bus headway. E main objective of the present study was to determine the online bus headway without the operational cost; correspondingly, the passenger waiting time would surely be a unique index. A method for determining the bus headway was established based on the areas of higher standee density on the bus. is model was a pragmatic approach to improve the efficiency of bus transportation and increase the bus travel sharing rate of bus lines with large passenger groups in every city of China
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